Journal
of Economic Development and Village Building
Journal of
Economic Development and Village Building,
Vol. 1 No. 1 March 2023, P-ISSN : ��..
E-ISSN :
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ROLE OF BAITUL MAL WAT TAMWIL
IN GREEN SHELL BUSINESS OF MUARA VILLAGE
GUNUNG JATI CIREBON
DISTRICT
Natasha Dewi Chintyaa,1, Syaeful
Bakhria,2, Abdul Ghonia,3
aIAIN Syekh Nurjati
Cirebon, Kota Cirebon, Indonesia
Abstract
This study aims to determine the financing
at BMT Gunung Jati for the green mussel
business in Muara Village, the role of
BMT Gunung Jati for the mussel business in Muara Village and what
are the opportunities and challenges of Baitul Mal wat Tamwil in developing the green mussel
business in Muara Village.
The method used is a qualitative method with field
research. Data collection is done by
observation, interviews, and documentation. The instruments used were observation sheets and interview guidelines.
Data analysis was carried out through
data reduction, analysis, and concluding. The results of the
study show that the existence of
BMT Gunung Jati Cirebon is felt
to be very
helpful for green mussel business
actors in Muara Village in increasing micro-businesses owned by the
community because the financing from
green mussel business actors BMT Gunung Jati
Cirebon in Muara Village has begun
to be helped
to increase their business so that economic
income also increased. Green mussel business actors in Muara Village are no longer afraid of
a lack of capital to run
their businesses. This research has implications for economic development activities and can be used
as a reference.
Keywords: baitul mal, business, green shells, MT Gunung Jati, the role.
Manuscript received 2023-03-01; revised 2023-03-06; accepted 2023-03-07; Date of publication 2023-03-08.
Journal of Economic Development and Village Building is licensed under
a Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0
International License.
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INTRODUCTION
Development of Micro,
Small, and Medium
Enterprises in Indonesia as an important
part of national
economic development.
Development Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises in Indonesia are now
part of this
important for national economic development. The Role of Small and
Micro Enterprises Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) are very influential for economic growth in a region country. The existence of MSMEs that
are widespread indicates the economy in a region the region is independent
or prosperous, and there are mushrooming
MSMEs that can is a sign
that the number of unemployed
is small in an area, because the community has been able to
open jobs for others surrounding.
For this reason,
it is necessary
to have a credit system that
can reach the lowest strata of society while
at the same
time encouraging its readiness to
improve business performance (Ridwan, 2004). especially in terms of productivity,
contribution to exports, participation in global and regional production networks, and contribution
to added value. The quality of human resources for Indonesian MSMEs is one of
the factors that hinder the
performance of these MSMEs. To improve performance MSMEs need quality
human resources so that MSMEs are capable facing increasingly fierce business competition during the pandemic.
In an era of increasingly fierce competition and environmental changes, including information technology, of course, it requires
good quality human resources so that
they can adapt to these
changes (Hendratmoko, 2021).
In Indonesia, MSMEs have articles that
regulate them, namely through laws No. 9 of 1999 and changed to
Law no. 20 Article 1 of
2008 concerning Business Micro,
Small, and Medium. Then it is
strengthened by the Mandate of
Stipulations People's Consultative Assembly of the Republic of Indonesia Number
XI/MPR-RI/1998 regarding Economic
Politics in the framework of economic
democracy, micro, and small enterprises
and the middle
class needs to be empowered
as an integral part of the people's
economy which has a position, role, and strategic potential
to realize a balanced, developing, and just national
economic structure. MSMEs can be
supported by various financial institutions in the form of banks
and no-banks such as cooperatives, in Sharia-based Financial Institutions
where financial institutions have the function of
collecting funds from the
public in the form of savings
and distribute it to the
community in loan
form.
Financial institutions collect funds
from the public excess funds and distribute them to those who lack funds,
Institutions Islamic finance has products and services with characteristics
including the elimination of the burden of continuous interest, limiting
activities unproductive speculation and financing aimed at businesses which is
lawful according to sharia principles so that it can be achieved by weak
people. One of the many financial institutions that base all of its activities
on interest-free sharia principles is Baitul Maal wa Tamwil (BMT). BMT is one type of non-bank financial
institution 3 operates on a micro scale such as savings and loan cooperatives.
BMT has two types the meaning
is baitul maal which
means house of money and baitul tamwil meaning financing house. The presence of
BMT Gunung Jati as a sharia financial institution
non-bank-based has been known by the community, this BMT is located in Jalan Sunan Gunungjati no 53 Kalisapu, 45151 Cirebon. This institution has the aim is to
help people who need funding as additional capital in developing its business.
BMT Gunung Jati as a profit-oriented institution must
have a strategy that can provide competitiveness. BMT Gunungjati
was established in 2007 and has been officially received legal entity approval
from the Cirebon Regency Government in 2008 with the legal entity number
06/BH/KUKM/II/2008.
BMT Gunung
Jati was established as a primary cooperative which has been initiated by 21
members which are stated by the notarial deed with the name of the Gunungjati Syariah Cooperative, which running a sharia
financial services business or more familiarly referred to as Sharia Financial
Services Cooperative (KJKS). By providing capital assistance to small and
medium-sized communities, BMT Gunung Jati Cirebon is
capable of alleviating poverty and empowering the community's economy and can
direct the community to teach saving activities as indicators of change and
planning his life in the future. Based on
data from the Department of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries (DKP), households fisheries (RTP) that cultivate green mussels as follows
Table 1. Fishery Households (RTP)
Cultivating Green Mussels in 2020
|
No |
District |
Village |
Total |
Group Number
|
|
1. |
Gunung Jati |
Mertasinga |
1 |
20 |
|
2. |
|
Grogol |
1 |
26 |
|
3. |
|
Wanakaya |
2 |
37 |
|
4. |
|
Jatimerta |
3 |
53 |
|
5. |
|
Pasindangan |
1 |
26 |
|
6. |
|
Muara |
1 |
18 |
|
Total |
9 |
190 |
||
(Source: Maritime Affairs and
Fisheries Service (DKP) Cirebon Regency 2020)
Several factors make
it difficult to obtain funding
or financing to As is well
known, agribusiness (fisheries and agriculture)
has risks because their income is
dependent on nature. The hard factor in obtaining other funding is
due to the
area of Suranenggala
Regency still being considered a red zone by financial
institutions due to its character
of people from seacoast areas
who seem tough. Difficult obtaining funding from financial institutions has an impact on the
difficult development of community businesses
in the fisheries and agricultural sectors. One of the MSMEs focused
on by BMT Gunung Jati is business green
mussels in Muara village,
Gunung Jati district, Cirebon regency.
Village Muara, Gunung Jati District,
which is located in a coastal area, has the potential abundant
sea as a potential source of growth
and development community
economy.
The natural potential of Gunung Jati District is its marine products
abundant, both in the form of
crabs, shellfish, fish, and shrimp.
However, the majority of fishing
communities in Muara Village,
Gunung Jati District, are many
who work as shellfish fishermen, because of the
abundance of shellfish and seafood
they have a farm located in the sea which
is usually deep harvested for three months
and depends on the frequency
of seasonal changes. Marketing is very important
in institutional finance. This marketing is intended so
that people know and Get
to know the
products owned by the financial
institution. Main component
In marketing there are three, namely first,
industry or marketers. Second, consumer
or market. Third, is the
marketing environment. While the core
concept of there is seven
marketing, namely First, the customer (customer).
Second, definitions of marketing. Third,
needs want, and requests. Fourth,
product (goods, services, and ideas).
Fifth, value, cost, satisfaction, and quality. Sixth, exchange
transactions, and relationships. Seventh, market and marketing.
The presence of BMT Gunung Jati as a sharia microfinance institution becomes very important to make people
aware of the importance of the principle
sharia in muamalah, by providing financial product services sharia to the
community and small business actors BMT also contributes efforts to empower SMEs.
From this background, the author wants to
see more about Baitul Mal Wat Tamwil (BMT) responded by society so
this research aims to. This
study aims to find out the
financing at BMT Gunung
Jati for the green mussel business
in Muara Village, the role of BMT Gunung Jati for the green
mussel business in Muara Village and what
are the opportunities and challenges of Baitul Mal wat Tamwil in developing the green mussel
business in Muara Village.
The first research that is relevant
to this research
is Sahriani, (2020) which examines the Role of
Baitul Maal Wat Tamwil Al-Birry Against the Development of Micro and
Medium Enterprises in Pinrang Regency. The results of this study indicate
that the efforts made by
the BMT very helpful to customers
by providing coaching as well as capital for customers,
BMT also seeks to reduce the level of shortages the
reasons are there so that it
can be said
to be the
BMT effort improve welfare for the
community, and increase resources custom. Not only in terms of capital,
but BMT also provides material regarding usury so that
people can be free from
moneylenders and BMT also directs its
customers on how to buy
and sell in sharia. The efforts made by BMT, prove
that BMT has a role active in developing the productivity of micro, small,
and medium enterprises. In pursuing the development
of micro-enterprises BMT also faces constraints
that will hinder the desire
for the goals
that have been set. there are two obstacles, namely, first, internal factors, namely from the BMT itself
there are some employees who do
not understand and lack capital. both
external factors from customers such as less than
optimal ability to manage his business
as well as strong competition and delay in deposit. While the research difference
lies only focuses on the
development of micro and medium enterprises as the target.
Furthermore, Khairi (2020) research researched the Role of
Baitul Mal Wat Tamwil (BMT)
Taman Indah In Empowering the
Community Economy in Baitussalam District Aceh Besar District. The results of this study indicate
that the role of conducted
by Baitul Mal Wat Tamwil (BMT) Taman Indah Dalam in Empowering
the community's economy is considered
successful, namely by providing business
capital financing, as well as assisting in developing the community's economic business so that
the community can develop and
improve their business. The perspective of customers in roles Baitul Mal Wat Tamwil (BMT) Taman Indah in empowering
the economy all people feel
very positive and good because
besides being able to help
customers with business capital can also increase
income customers. Judging from the
review of Islamic economics, the activities carried out by BMT Taman Indah make a good contribution
to the social
achievement of Islamic economics due to
the provision of financing to
customers can empower and improve
the welfare of customers. Role BMT
Taman Indah does not conflict
with sharia principles, because based on mutual
help, and indirectly introduce Islamic
economic system. The difference between previous research with current research,
that is, previous research only focuses on
the BMT perspective in developing micro-enterprises and what efforts
are carried out by the BMT phak
while the current study more focusing on how
the role of BMT in developing micro-enterprises, as well as the constraints faced by the
BMT towards Development micro
business and for the equation,
namely the use of the
problem formulation regarding
the role of BMT in developing micro-enterprises. Meanwhile on the difference in research lies in the type
of research used and reviewing the role in empowering
the community's economy broadly.
This research is expected
to be useful
for the community
as a means of information and input that can
be used by
the community to find out
the role of Baitul Mal wat Tamwil (BMT) Gunung Jati in the green mussel business
of Muara Village. Next, the availability
of research results as a means to add references,
information, and theoretical insights to stimulate other
parties who will conduct further
research. Finally, as a potential vehicle for developing discourse and thinking
in establishing existing theories with the
actual situation.
THEORETICAL BASIS
Baitul Maal Wat Tamwil
(BMT)
BMT is an abbreviation of Baitul Mal wat Tamwil. this institution is
a combination of two functions, namely baitul mal or fund house
as well baitul tamwil or business
house. Baitul Mal has been developed since the time of
the Prophet Muhammad SAW as
an institution whose job is
to collect all at once distributing
(tashoruf) social funds, such as zakat, infaq, and shodaqoh
(ZIS). While baitu tamwil
is a business-oriented financial institution profit. For Baitul Tamwil is an effort
to collect and distribute funds commercial (Supendi & Maududi, 2018). Besides that,
BMT too can receive deposits of zakat, infaq, and alms, then
distribute them accordingly to regulations and mandates (Huda et al., 2016).
According to the Small Business Incubation Center
(PINBUK), BMT is a business
center integrated independent whose contents are bay al-mal wa al-tamwil
with activities to develop productive
businesses and invest in improving the quality of
the economic activities of small
and small entrepreneurs among others encourage saving activities and support activity
financingthe economy. In addition, Baitul Mal wa Tamwil (BMT) also accepts deposits of zakat, infaq, and alms and
distributes them by regulations and trustworthiness (Yuningrum, 2012).
From this understanding
can be drawn
a comprehensive understanding
that BMT is a business organization that also plays
a social role. social role BMT can be seen
in the definition of baitul maal,
while the business role of
BMT can be seen in the definition
of baitul tamwil.
BMT features
As an independent business institution, BMT has the following main characteristics:
(1) business oriented, seeking mutual profit, increasing the most economic benefits
for members and their environment;
(2) it is not a social institution but can be
used to make
the use of
zakat, infaq, and alms for the
welfare of the people more
effective; (3) grown from below from
the BMT environment itself, not owned by individuals or people from
outside the community (Rodoni, 2008).
Besides the main characteristics
above, BMT also has special characteristics, namely: (1)
BMT staff and employees act actively,
dynamically, with a productive outlook, not waiting but picking
up customers, both as depositors of funds and
as recipients of business financing; (2) the office is
opened at a certain time and
is awaited by a limited number
of staff because some of
the staff have to work
in the field to find depositor
customers, monitor and supervise the customer's
business; (3) BMT holds regular lectures where the time
and place are determined according to the activities
of customers and BMT members; (4) BMT management is carried
out in a professional and Islamic manner. Based
on the description
above, it can be seen
that the BMT work procedures must: formulated
simply so that it is
easy to set up and be
handled by customers
who are mostly low-educated.
BMT Roles
and Functions
BMT is
open, independent, development-oriented
savings and financing to support
a productive economic business for members
and the social
welfare of the surrounding community, especially micro and The poor.
The role of BMT in the community is
as follows (Al-Arif, 2011). Keep people
away from non-sharia economic practices. Active socialization in the community about the importance of the Islamic economic system. This can be
done with training on Islamic transaction methods, for example, proof
of transaction, not cheating on scales,
and being honest with consumers.
Conduct coaching and funding of
small businesses.
BMTs must be
active in carrying out their functions
as microfinance institutions,
for example by mentoring, coaching,
counseling, and supervising the businesses of customers
or the general
public. Let go of dependence
on moneylenders, people who are still dependent on
moneylenders because moneylenders can fulfill the wishes
of the community
by fulfilling funds immediately.
So BMT must be
able to serve
the community better, for example,
available funds at any time,
simple bureaucracy. Maintain social economic justice with an even
distribution. Function BMT directly dealing with a complex society is required
to be smart
in attitude, therefore the steps to
evaluate in order to map priority scales that must be
considered, for example in matters of financing, BMT must pay attention
to the eligibility
of customers in terms of customer
groups and types of financing.
BMT
has several functions including (Salman, 2010): (1) improving the quality
of human resources for members, users,
and managers to be more
professional, salaam, and trustworthy so that it
is more intact
and tough in struggling and trying to face
global challenges; (2) organize
and mobilize funds so that
the funds owned by the
public can be used optimally
inside and outside the organization
for the benefit
of the people
at large; (3) developing job opportunities; (4) strengthening and improving the
business quality and market for
members' products; (5) strengthening and improving the quality
of the economic
and social institutions of the common people.
MSME Empowerment
Etymologically, the word
empowered means "capable, powerful, powerful". The word power itself means
"ability to do, ability to
carry out activities". In the context of village
development, empowerment is an effort
to realize the ability and
independence of the community in terms of social,
national, and state life (Indrajit & Soimin, 2014). Empowerment comes
from the word power which
means strength or ability. Meanwhile,
in terminology, empowerment
can be interpreted
as a process of obtaining power or strength or
ability from those who have
power to those who are less
or less empowered.
According to Prijoko
and Pranarka, as expressed by Edi Suharto, empowerment has two meanings. The first includes giving control, transferring power, or delegating
authority to those who are powerless.
Both provide opportunities for other parties to
do and create
something (Suharto,
2015). According to
Edy CH Papilaya, empowerment is
an effort to build community
capacity by encouraging, motivating, and raising awareness
of the potential
they have and trying to
develop that potential into concrete actions. (Zubaidi, 2013).
Community empowerment is
an effort to provide power (empowerment) or
strengthening (strengthening)
the community. Community empowerment is also interpreted
as the ability of individuals who are united with the community
in building the empowerment of the community concerned
so that it
aims to find
new alternatives in community development (Mardikanto,
2014).
Empowerment Dimensions Empowerment Principles of Small
and Micro Enterprises Medium
(MSMEs)
Based on
RI Law Number 20 of 2008 Article 4 principles
empowerment of
Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) is as follows: (1) the growth of
self-sufficiency, togetherness,
and entrepreneurship of Micro Enterprises Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) to work
on their initiative; (2) the embodiment of transparent,
accountable and just public policies;
(3) regional potential-based and
market-oriented business development by the competencies of Micro, Small
and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs); (4) increasing
the competitiveness of Micro, Small
and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs);
and (5) implementation of integrated planning,
implementation, and control.
RESEARCH METHOD
This type of
research is descriptive qualitative research, with the specification of field research.
Descriptive qualitative research is writing
that aims to describe the
status of phenomena systematically and rationally (logic) (Sugiyono, 2017). Qualitative research
is aimed at understanding social phenomena. (Ismail Suardi Wekke, et al,
2019). This research approach is a case
study. The case study is a research design that can be
carried out in various fields where the researcher
analyzes a depth case and collects
complete information using various data collection procedures based on a predetermined
time. in Muara Village,
Gunung Jati District, Cirebon Regency from July to August 2022.
In this
study, the informants were the head of
the Baitul Mal wat Tamwil (BMT) Gunung Jati office and three green
mussel business owners. In this research, primary data was collected from
furniture business owners and buyers
using a list of questions as an interview guide,
the answers of which were given
openly. secondary data obtained from other
sources related to the issues
to be raised
Data collection techniques
are carried out by observation, interviews, and documentation. Data validity is done by
data triangulation. Data validity
checking techniques utilize something else in comparing the results of
interviews with research objects. (Moleong, Lexy J., 2018). From the results
of the data sources obtained, the authors chose
to classify and connect the
results of interviews, observations, documents, and literature studies by the formulation
of the problem. Data processing procedures are carried out using
reduction, presentation, and concluding.
DISCUSSION
In this chapter, the author will
present the results of the analysis obtained when researching the Role of
Baitul Mal Wat Tamwil Gunung
Jati Pada Green Shellfish Business, Muara Village, Gunung
Jati District, Cirebon.
The
informants needed in this study are:
Table 2. Responden
|
No. |
Name |
Status |
Code |
|
1 |
Yopi Melani |
Branch Head BMT |
KC 01 |
|
2 |
Suniah |
Businessmen |
PU 01 |
|
3 |
Dasiri |
Businessmen |
PU 02 |
|
4 |
Idati |
Businessmen |
PU 03 |
|
5 |
Tunirah |
Businessmen |
PU 04 |
|
6 |
Darkami |
Businessmen |
PU 05 |
|
7 |
Tini |
Businessmen |
PU 06 |
|
8 |
Sumiah |
Businessmen |
PU 07 |
|
9 |
Ecih |
Businessmen |
PU 08 |
Financing at BMT Gunung Jati
for the green mussel business in the Village Muara
As a micro business that is already
running, the BMT Gunung Jati too makes a bigger
contribution, because, in terms of business risk, entrepreneurs are. This
category requires additional business capital as an additional form of working
capital or business to increase production capacity, economically definitely
has good prospects. Usually, the BMT still conducts visitations to the location
of the business directly so that the level of income can be estimated pre and post-additional production capacity.
The financing process carried out by
BMT Gunung Jati is carried out as in financing at
other Islamic Financial Institutions, as conveyed by KC 01 as the head of the
BMT branch stated:
The process is the same, so it
applies to all of them. They prepare the requirements set by the BMT for
business actors will apply for financing, then after submitting their
requirements given a formula that must be filled in by the green shellfish
business actor, then us BMT accepts all requirements and formulas for us to
analyze know the financial data including capital and profits then we can
realize it according to the financial data.
From the results of interviews with
customers, generally said information early to get financing at BMT Gunung Jati Cirebon, namely PU 01 and PU 03 as the green
mussel businessman in Muara Village
Which I got the information provided
by BMT Gunung Jati, namely contract financing
products murabahah
This is the same as what was
conveyed by PU 02 as a shell business actor Green Muara Village, namely
The financing process provided by
BMT Gunung Teak is a murabahah
contract financing product
In the normal standard
of the process of granting financing, there are provisions, procedures, or
actions that must be taken by the BMT and talk about how to do it, which is
usually referred to as the financing procedure. Application of business capital
financing, parties BMT Gunung Jati Cirebon lends
several funds to customers for use as business capital with the obligation to
repay the loan within the timeframe and range of installments adjusted to the
circumstances and capabilities of customers. Providing venture capital for BMT Gunung Jati Cirebon provides many conveniences for mustahik to access it. Financing products
provided by BMT Gunung Jati Cirebon for actors' green
mussel business in Muara village as conveyed by KC 01 as Head of BMT Gunung Jati Cirebon
They mostly needed the chart
(ingredients) for the green mussel business not difficult, namely the
ingredients like bamboo and rope, and later the green shells will stick there. So what they need, the product is using a murabahah contract.
There are many products offered by
BMT Gunung Jati green mussel business actors in Muara
Village but BMT gave suggestions so that using a murabahah
contract. As stated by PU 01 and PU 05 as the green mussel business actor in
Muara Village
There are various kinds of products
that are offered by BMT but we take a murabahah
contract for business this green scallop
Prospective customers
after getting the information, submit an application
to the BMT Gunung Jati office by bringing
the specified conditions such as photocopies of identity cards (KTP), family cards (KK), and others. After that, the prospective
customer's financing application files will be checked
by the BMT, then after that
the BMT Gunung Jati or The Account Officer (AO) will conduct a field survey of
the place of business and
environment of prospective customers to interview and
inquire about business, to know
the state of the economy,
then the parties BMT Gunung Jati will hold a meeting to make a final decision regarding the eligibility of the prospective
customer to receive financing after that perform
consent qabul and
make a contract or agreement between
the BMT Gunung Jati with business actors. When customers get financing funds
BMT Gunung Jati will direct
the use of
these funds. For Mudarabah financing returns are carried out monthly
with a fixed time Requirements have been determined
for green mussel business actors in Muara Village to apply for
financing at BMT Gunung
Jati Cirebon as submitted by
Yopi Maelani as Head of BMT
Gunung Jati Cirebon, the requirements
are covers like: photocopy
of KTP husband and wife, photocopy of family card (KK), copy of marriage
certificate, salary slip (Employee), Pas photo of husband and wife, electricity
account, strengthening guarantee.
After the requirements are complete they are given a form to fill out, and collateral
that will be used as collateral by the green mussel business actors The same
thing was expressed by business actors viz
�Condition photocopy of husband and
wife's KTP, photocopy of family card (KK), photocopy of a letter Marriage,
Salary Slip (Employee), Pas photo of husband and wife, Electricity Account,
Collateral that corroborates and After we complete the requirements fill out
the form given by the BMT and the guarantee that we will use as collateral for
this loan� (PU 01, PU 02, PU 03,
PU 04 & PU 05).
It is hoped that there will be
capital loans for the community improve the development of community businesses
independently, so that they can improve economic potential. Capital financing
application business, the BMT Gunung Jati Cirebon
lent some funds to customers to use as business capital with the obligation to
return the loan within the adjusted term and installment range with the
circumstances and abilities of the customer. Providing business capital for BMT
Gunung Cirebon teak provides many conveniences for mustahik to access it. As for the guarantee itself, it
varies for each business, such as PU 01 as a pelau in the green mussel
business, the guarantee is that it can be BPKB whether the vehicle is
two-wheeled like a motorbike, or four-wheeled like a car, house certificate,
land certificate ETC. Same as PU 02 and PU 03 guarantee the above.
The strategy implemented by BMT Gunung Jati Cirebon in dealing with members who carry out
troubled financing consisting of substandard members, doubtful members and
members who are jam is as follows: Action BMT Gunung
Jati Cirebon if financing is given to green mussel entrepreneurs in Muara
Village experience a default or default as stated by KC 01 as Head of BMT Gunung Jati Cirebon.
Has become a risk wherever the name
is of course there are financial institutions or banks called bad credit
problems. We have the same process when they experience a default or If we fail to pay we apply SP 1, SP 2, and up to SP 3 after
arriving at SP 3 there is no good faith then we do a reschedule. When you can't
able to reach the point of rescheduling because we have a guarantee for this
business actor fish can we deliberate on the guarantee to be sold. We present
or find a buyer for this guarantee, and during the guarantee, the process has
finished changing hands. We receive money from the sale of this new guarantee
paid according to the installments or loans that were submitted at the
beginning but we will see whether the perpetrator has paid how much, well, the
lack of that we take from the sale of this warranty.
The quantity of green mussel
business actors in Muara Village can be used as a prospective land to be used
as an object in development of BMT Gunung Jati
Cirebon and at the same time market share. Capacity the Muslim population is
not only a market object but can also be used as as
an object of economic Islamization (sharia financial institutions) so that with
More and more people are aware of the economy Islam, the more people will
become customers/members BMT Gunung Jati Cirebon.
According to KC 01 as Head of BMT Gunung Jati Cirebon
targets BMT Gunung Jati Cirebon to develop a
shellfish business green in Muara Village.
This green mussel business has grown
in the coastal area of Muara village, of course, we maximize it
for capital the business especially since we are also working with the
Fisheries Institute and marine which focuses on business in this field, the
ceiling can be large with hundreds of millions compared to the general one,
it's a maximum of 50 million targets. So, the Gunung
Jati BMT only pushed on only capital.
According to PU 01 and PU 03 as
green mussel business actors revealed that there were approximately a dozen green
mussel business actors. As a micro business that is already running, the BMT Gunung Jati Cirebon too makes a bigger contribution,
because, in terms of business risk, entrepreneurs are this category requires
additional business capital as an additional form of working capital or
business to increase production capacity, economically definitely have good
prospects. Usually, the BMT still conducts visitations to the location of the
business directly so that the level of income can be estimated pre and post-additional production capacity.
Based on the explanation above, the
mechanism to become a prospective customer financing at BMT Gunung
Jati Cirebon is by submitting an application for business capital financing by
fulfilling the specified conditions such as photocopies of ID cards, KK,
business certificates, and others. After the financing application files are
submitted, the BMT will conduct a survey field by directly checking the place
or location of the business that will be financed to interview potential
customers so they can decide the feasibility of the prospective customer's
business to receive financing, after that make contract or agreement between
the BMT Gunung Jati Cirebon and the customer. The
role of BMT Gunung Jati Cirebon in providing financing
to Green mussel business actors in empowering the
economy is quite good and has played a positive role. Likewise, BMT Gunung Jati Cirebon has been optimal in developing or
increasing the green mussel business, especially in the village Estuary. Therefore,
BMT Gunung Jati Cirebon has helped the perpetrator's
green mussel business in improving their economy.
The Role At BMT Gunung Jati in the Green Mussel Business in Muara Village
The presence of BMT Gunung Jati Cirebon is felt to be very helpful for the
surrounding community and also the people of Cirebon, in general, improve
community-owned micro-enterprises because with the help capital from BMT Gunung Jati Cirebon community began to be helped to
increase their business so that their economic income also increases. With the
financing at BMT Gunung Jati Cirebon, the community
too free from moneylenders who stipulate loan repayments with interest high so
that people have difficulty increasing their business.
The people in Muara Village are no
longer afraid of a lack of capital for the smooth running of their business
because BMT Gunung Jati Cirebon provides capital
financing or loans with an interest-free system (sharia system) namely with the
agreed profit sharing by the agreement between the parties BMT and customers,
From the results of these interviews it is explained that the existence BMT Gunung Jati Cirebon helps people in need business capital
loans, with these loans, can increase micro business customers to increase
income for customers. Matter This was also conveyed by PU 01 and PU 02 as green
mussel business actors Muara Village, according to him:
The impact of financing on BMT Gunung Jati Cirebon very positive and good, because with
the addition of capital in the business I got green shells from financing at
BMT Gunung Jati Cirebon increase my income and also
my family.
The results of this interview
explain that the existence of BMT Gunung Cirebon teak
helps people who need capital loans business, with the existence of these loans
can increase micro-enterprises' customers to increase revenue for customers. It
is too submitted by PU 02 and PU 05 as village green mussel business actors
Muara, according to him:
The existence of BMT Gunung Jati Cirebon is very helpful I am a small business
actor whose economy is weak which is difficult to get a capital loan to
increase my green mussel business.
From the results of these
interviews, it can be explained that the BMT Gunung
Jati Cirebon is beneficial for people who are economically lower middle class
so that they can boost community businesses to be more developed and progress.
By providing business capital loans to the community, BMT Gunung
Jati Cirebon is considered to have a very big role in them. As conveyed by KC
01 as the Head of BMT Gunung Jati Cirebon
We provide business capital by
collaborating with institutions of the LPUKP government where the margin is low
or equivalent this is very helpful for green mussel business actors, especially
in Muara Village.
Based on the description of the
results of interviews with the business actors mentioned, the business they are
running is positively developing, where business actors experience changes
before and after taking a business capital loan, taking a capital loan at BMT Gunung Jati Cirebon business actor much more increased and
income also increased.
Mentoring is a short-term
educational process that uses systematic and organized procedures so that
people achieve certain abilities. According to the results of interviews with
informants KC 01 as Head of BMT Gunung Jati Cirebon
There is but not optimal, due to
being constrained at a difficult time on the part of the business actors, so
can only be advised.
With so many positive responses to
BMT Gunung Jati Cirebon, then the greater their
enthusiasm to continue to expand as well perfecting every goal to be achieved,
even though there are obstacles however their commitment to improving the
quality of life of their clients is their duty their main. Such as the results
of the PU 01 interview as a green mussel business actor
Muara Village has assisted but it
has not been maximized, however, if in accompaniment capital has played a very
important role.
The development of BMT Gunung Jati Cirebon until now has not been spared from good
cooperation with various things that have been done. Difficulty faced, the
achievement of the target so far can be maintained properly so that
institutional independence can be achieved and for the very long term, some
innovation is needed so that BMT Gunung Jati Cirebon
can realize all his goals and plans. The same opinion of the results interview
with PU 02 as a green mussel business actor
Muara Village has assistance but not
optimal, but if it is deep capital assistance has played a very important role
in this BMT Gunung Jati.
The role
played by BMT Gunung Jati
Cirebon is to provide venture capital loans to
BMT members to purchase business needs of green
mussels and others by using
a contract murabahah financing
where members are given the power
to fulfill their needs. By providing financing, the BMT does not go down directly
to meet agricultural
needs but to delegate representatives
to a member of agricultural business financing. The role of BMT Gunung Jati Cirebon is here in assisting
green mussel business actors is still not optimal due to limited
human resources and time.
Opportunities and Challenges of Baitul Mal Wat Tamwil in Business Developing A
Green Mussel Business in Muara Village
In facing opportunities and
challenges to business improvement green mussels in Muara Village, of course,
there are opportunities to get because Tulungagung
itself has many green mussel business actors in Muara UMKM Village that have
sprung up where not all banks can reach customers micro business actors so that
Micro Finance Institutions such as BMT are the ones can reach it. In addition,
the community is predominantly Muslim making it easier for BMT to reach them.
And some SMEs want to continue developing their business so that time is short
of funds for their business Micro business actors can directly apply for BMT
financing the process is easy and fast. KC 01 as Head of BMT Gunung Jati Cirebon
Of course BMT Gunung
Jati stands in a coastal area where marine products are abundant where the
majority of the people work as fishermen.
BMT Gunung
Jati Cirebon is ready to help and provide services
the best for people who have
difficulty in improving their business, but of course, must follow the terms
and conditions specified by BMT Gunung Jati Cirebon.
With many positive responses to BMT Gunung Jati
Cirebon, the greater their enthusiasm to continue expanding and also perfecting
each goal to be achieved, even though there are obstacles but their commitment
to improving the level of customer's life becomes their main task.
Many people, especially customers,
are still comparing numbers between the results given are not much different
and even higher than bank interest. There should be no profit-sharing pattern
and bank interest can be compared. Some are still unsure about financial
institutions labeled sharia, is it really by sharia or is it just usurping
sympathy for the market share that still thinks that the profit-sharing system
applied by LKMS/BMT is not fairer than the conventional system. There are many
conventional financing and investment products offered to the community with
all their advantages, of course, becoming material considerations for similar
products based on sharia. However, these sharia-based products have their
uniqueness separately and of course, must always be maintained through the
Sharia Supervisory Board, both internal and external. This is a more beneficial
advantage separate opportunities for products based on sharia that are not
owned by conventional products and therefore must always be maintained. Results
of interviews with PU 01 and PU 04 as green mussel business actors Muara
Village
Because I already know Mr. Yopi Kelapa BMT Gunung Jati Kalisapu is like his
own brother. So, from there I was interested in borrowed from BMT Gunung Jati.
Likewise with PU 03 as the green
mussel business actor in Muara Village Answer: yes, because I already know
Mr. Yopi Kelapa, BMT Gunung Jati Kalisapu is like a
brother, so I trust him to borrow funds from him BMT Gunung
Jati.
External challenges or constraints
are constraints caused by factors from outside the BMT, to empower the green
mussel business in Muara Village, BMT has challenges that must be overcome but
these challenges are not an obstacle for the green mussel business in Muara
Village, namely by results of interviews conducted by researchers to KC 01 as
Head of BMT Gunung Jati Cirebon challenges faced by
BMT namely:
Our target is true to the coastal
areas, but if you look at the data for the coastal areas, it's not that smooth
the challenge for us is that there are many areas where we have to look for
data the big banks can also be said to be wary of regions coastal business
because the decorative power is not good, actually this is something. The
challenge is also for BMT Gunung Jati to get closer
especially the emotional approach is necessary and very, very important. So,
not only concerned with real business and we also have to be close to the
perpetrators of that business.
Human resources
that have not been maximized means people who
have not realized the importance of transacting with the sharia
system because society so far
already familiar with the conventional
system (usury) and the existing
old conventional compared to sharia,
other causes that are, there is still a culture
of a society that has not fully accepted it the
existence of Islamic financial institutions because they are considered complicated and not predictably, people are only looking for something
cheaper, practical, economical, fast and it's not difficult
at BMT itself if someone is
doing the financing, for example, customer murabahah financing.
When a customer has a
problem this is an obstacle for
BMT because customers who have problems
can cause a breakdown in installments, when installments are jammed and the
customer can't pay installments then BMT will suffer
losses. As results interview with Public Works 01 as a green mussel businessman in Muara Village the obstacle
since Covid 19 entered Indonesia was when there was
finance is on the decline
and is becoming
a problem. Like the interview with Public Works 03 as a shell business actor green
Muara Village has the same
constraints we generally need additional funds, then our choice is to apply for
a loan from BMT Gunung Jati.
In facing opportunities and challenges
to business improvement green mussels in Muara Village, of course, there are
opportunities to get because Cirebon Muara itself has many green mussel
business actors, especially in Muara Village that have sprung up where not all
banks can reach customers micro business actors and the challenges faced by
green mussel business actors the difficulties experienced by members in
fulfilling obligations is influenced Due to unforeseen circumstances, this is
an accident carried out by members because of natural conditions and
development economy, especially production, public consumption.
CONCLUSION
Based on the results of research
and discussion regarding the Role
of Baitul Wat Tamwil Gunung Jati Mall at the Green Shellfish
Business in Muara Village, District
Gunung Jati Cirebon in the previous
chapter, it can be concluded
as following:
The role of BMT Gunung Jati Cirebon in providing
financing to green
mussel business actors in empowering the economy are quite good and
has played a positive role. Likewise BMT Gunung Jati
Cirebon optimal in developing or
increasing green mussel business especially in Muara Village. Therefore, BMT Gunung Jati Cirebon has help
green mussel business actors in improving the economy
they.
The role played by BMT Gunung Jati Cirebon
is with provide
venture capital loans to BMT members
to purchase business needs of green mussels
and others by using a contract
murabahah financing where members are given the power
to fulfill his needs. By providing financing the BMT does not go down
directly to meet agricultural needs but delegate
representatives to members of the
agricultural business financing. The role of BMT Gunung Jati Cirebon here
in assisting the green mussel business
actors still not due to limited
human resources and time.
In facing the opportunities and challenges of increasing the
shellfish business green in Muara Village, of course, there
are opportunities to get because in Cirebon there are many green mussel business
actors, especially in Muara
Village popping up where not all
banks can reach the perpetrators
micro business and the challenges
faced by green mussel business
actors the difficulties experienced by members in fulfilling
obligations is influenced Due to unforeseen circumstances, this is an
accident carried out by members
because of natural conditions and development economy, especially production, public consumption.
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