Investigating the effects of green entrepreneurial orientation on environmental performance and environmental sustainable development in a developing country
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.59261/jedvb.v4i2.102Keywords:
Green entrepreneurial orientation, CSR practices, environmental performance, environmental sustainable development, Tunisian contextAbstract
T
Environmental degradation and limited corporate environmental engagement remain pressing challenges in developing economies, where firms are expected to translate green strategic postures into responsible practice. Prior research has mostly treated corporate social responsibility (CSR) as one aggregate construct and has rarely tested whether CSR directed at different stakeholders affects environmental outcomes equally, particularly in North Africa. This study examines how green entrepreneurial orientation (GEO) relates to CSR practices toward employees, consumers and communities, and how each dimension relates to environmental performance (EP) and environmentally sustainable development (ESD) in Tunisia. A cross-sectional online survey was administered between February and July 2025 to 250 senior managers of Tunisian firms from six sectors, and the data were analysed with partial least squares structural equation modelling in SmartPLS 4. GEO was significantly associated with CSR toward employees (t = 4.710), consumers (t = 28.127) and communities (t = 2.297), supporting H1a to H1c. Consumer-oriented CSR (t = 11.332) and community-oriented CSR (t = 3.374) were significantly associated with EP, and consumer-oriented CSR (t = 5.457) and community-oriented CSR (t = 3.181) with ESD, whereas employee-oriented CSR was not significant for either outcome; H2a and H3a were rejected and H2b, H2c, H3b and H3c supported. The model explained 81.8 percent of the variance in EP and 66.2 percent in ESD. The study extends stakeholder theory by showing that stakeholder-specific CSR dimensions are not interchangeable and advises Tunisian managers to prioritise consumer-oriented and community-oriented CSR while strengthening the environmental content of employee-oriented practices.
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